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or at least a single desirable future, to capture possible future pathways. Over the past few years, a number of general trends in foresight practices can be observed that reflect what could be regarded the mainstream of foresight.
in order to contribute to a normative debate on desirable future development paths. Finally, we can today see a strong emphasis on
and to create more desirable futures. Foresight is defined as a process involving iterative periods of open reflection,
what are and what are not desirable future situations°Prioritising the choices that have to be made among the outcomes of Foresight Avoid the assumption that people have infinite plasticity toward new technology Increase trust between policy makers, business and the general public,
and desirable future outcomes of municipal development without defining these further. This pointed towards a relative flexibility of what was regarded as possible and desirable development.
In more aspirationalsuccess scenario''workshops or vision workshops it is more common for breakout groups to examine what a desirable future would look like in detail within specified subdomains,
a desirable future end state is imagined and visualised, not as a continuation of present trends, but rather as a giant leap directly to the future.
How to Create Desirable futures, Institute for Social Invention, London. Lauttama ki, V. and Heinonen, S. 2010), Va ha isten pa a sto jen Suomi 2050.
legislators would define their desirable futures in laws, using the latter as enablers of their vision of the future.
enabling the design of the necessary actions to achieve the desirable future (how things ought to be done according to the business's and its networks'vision).
and desirable futures and articulation of visions and expectations needed to reach a common goal and an adaptive path to follow,
Backcasting, inspired by the early work of Lovins 53, starts with defining a desirable future and then works backwards to identify policies
Backcasting scenarios explore the preconditions that could lead to this desirable future, including a palette of strategies to reach this situation 54.
and desirable futures, which was why both exploratory and predictive approaches to the future were adopted. Especially at the national level, we see that foresight methods are performed in a participatory way,
or imagine desirable futures, incorporating the visions of those who, at the same time, will be their builders and their users,
More important than consensus on future challenges not always possible is shared the sense of commitmeen to a desirable future established by different stakeholders..
and debate possible and desirable futures. In this way, FTA provides forums for knowledge to be exchanged and created.
and join forces for designing common desirable futures Orienting European innovation systems. 149 contributions these would make to various innovation system functions. 7. Conclusions This paper has outlined the contours of an emerging mission-led approach to innovation policy that is more global
desirable futures and pathways towards these futures for specific Urban Europe topics Use of a pilot call to improved understanding of future trends
Monitoring plausible and desirable futures'.'In: Int Veld, R. J. ed.)Knowledge Democracy: Consequences for Science, Politics,
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