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Profit

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The awareness that services in combination with products could provide higher profits than products alone was probably a trigger for this move.

and the goal is not profit, but creating value. 4. 4 Execution Phase for External Participants In the execution phase,

The technology will help the insurers to increase their overall profits (Progressive, 2012. There are numerous benefits related to a UBI program for the insured car drivers.

whilst low-volume items that sell irregularly (but not necessarily make less profit) are hard to predict for humans

which is especially interesting from a theoretical point of view, practice profits, e g. from reductions in modelling costs, modelling time and modelling risk,

How general electric and others turned process into profit. New york, NY: Wiley. Hammer, M, . & Champy, J. 2009).

governmental financial facilities (such as decrease or tax exemption for profit reinvested in innovations. b) At organisational level.

Kirzner (1973,1997) stressed the role of entrepreneurs as discoverers and early exploiters of previously-unnoticed profit opportunities.

which eliminates the profit. Innovation occurs as entrepreneurs discover new opportunities. But as opposed to Schumpeter's view of the entrepreneur as a disruptor of markets and instigator of evolutionary economic development

Here the entrepreneur is seen as facilitating economic adjustment by predicting where new profit opportunities will open up

OECD research shows for example how unbalanced taxes on company profits and losses and high average tax rates on SMES relative to large firms can diminish SME and entrepreneurship activity (OECD, 2009).

Knight, F. 1921), Risk, Uncertainty and Profit, Chicago University Press, Chicago. Jensen, M.,B. Johnson, E. Lorenz and B. Lundvall (2007), Forms of Knowledge and Modes of Innovation, Research Policy, Vol. 36, No. 5, pp. 680-693.

An Inquiry into Profits, Capital, Credit, Interest, and the Business cycle, Harvard university Press, Cambridge MA. Shane, S. 2004), Academic entrepreneurship.

and future profit streams are not necessarily bound together. The following statements illustrate the power of creating greater flexibility between these elements:

Smaller companies lack resources to manage the process for profit. Source: Adapted from Dahlander and Gann (2010) The complex ways that these different strategies play out in practice is illustrated in the cases of Amazon,

while also making a profit itself. As is clear from the examples cited above, the debate about whether firms should engage in blanket open

who might even have been more likely to retain related jobs and profits in the UK.

but if mishandled for example allowing the Patent Box to become used as a tax holiday for major organisations repatriating existing profits could do as much harm as good to the innovation system.

profits and taxes generated. Financial supports are targeted at manufacturing and internationally trading companies and proposals are subject to a robust review by the Evaluation Committee30.

creating additional wages, profits and tax revenues. Nonetheless, if resources for SYOB training supports were to become more limited

In this context start-up enterprises can deliver economic benefits by harnessing underutilised labour resources to generate additional wages, profits and tax revenues.

FORFÁS EVALUATION OF ENTERPRISE SUPPORTS FOR START-UPS & ENTREPRENEURSHIP 93 The primary objective of a VC Fund is to make attractive capital profits for its investors by divesting its holding in investee companies after they have developed from being early stage companies into successful

start-up activity may utilise surplus resources thereby creating additional wages, profits and tax revenues. The rationale for Government to provide start your own business (SYOB) supports rests largely on the concept of market failure.

start-up activity may utilise surplus resources thereby creating additional wages, profits and tax revenues. While the first category of impacts is difficult to quantify in monetary terms,

profits and tax impacts depends on the growth of the start-up and its longevity. Precise data are not available to measure these attributes

profits and tax revenues needs also to take account of the potential for labour market displacement. Our assessment has been informed by Forfás'appraisal methodology for projects seeking support from the industrial development agencies which concludes that no more than 20 per cent of the wage,

profit and tax benefits should be reckoned in the context of tight labour markets135. Based on an average earned income of €39, 000 the annual value of these benefits is estimated at between €12 million

profits and taxes created. This is apart from the productivity, cost saving and innovation benefits achieved.

profits and tax revenues are substantial. Accordingly, it is recommended that the level of resources devoted to SYOB supports through the CEBS be maintained at least.

Turning to impacts on wages, profits and tax revenues, these additional impacts are likely to be relatively small in the period up to 2008, because of the low levels of unemployment and consequent high levels of labour market displacement.

profits and taxes created. This is apart from the productivity, cost saving and innovation benefits achieved.

but most of the firms we examined were successful in crafting new ways to gain significantly more profits with the new business models.

A business model defines the way companies deliver value to a set of customers at a profit.

and design a profit formula. 11 The attractiveness and financial viability of a business model erodes over time as price competition starts to dominate.

SMES that successfully sidestepped the commodity trap have changed their existing business model successfully to deliver more value for the customer at a profit.

but it was increasingly difficult to make profits as price competition intensified over the years. The competitive landscape changed drastically in the mid-1990s

Facing rapidly declining profits, Dirk Vens, CEO of Curana, decided to change the firm's strategy drastically.

First, small firms profit from pursuing markets that are too small (at least initially) to interest large companies.

Small firms can benefit from having several advantages compared to large companies depending on the activities that drive profits in different industries.

A business model defines the way a company delivers value for a specific customer group at a profit.

The idea was that 25 small profit centers could work with a relative autonomy to increase creativity and customer orientation.

and generate more profits, and increasing profitability can be the result of several changes. We have emphasized innovating SMES can increase profitability by increasing the number of control points

Open innovation allows companies to implement business models that generate more profits. We provide illustrations from the SMES we have analyzed.

and with lead customers on the other hand is essential for understanding how the company can continue to make profits in this way.

How do the manufacturers profit from participating in PROF? First, they gain direct access to potential customers

but also about sharing profits equitably. 71 6. Developing an open innovation network also requires that partners manage the balance between internal management of the company and external management of the network.

The combination of different fields of expertise to develop a new offering can lead to attractive profits

In this way, increasing profits is the result of building control points for the innovating firm.

SMES have limited for instance ability to profit from their intellectual property because they lack enforcement power,

Isobionics profits from the collaboration with DSM in different ways: First, it got access to a game-changing technology

and STEM education) that can spur more innovation in all three major sectors of an economy (for profit,

The philosophy of the Forum also recognises that people establishing not-for-profit or social enterprises use many of the same skills as people starting a for-profit business,

and they create jobs and social value that is essential to building an inclusive and supportive culture in Ireland.

Despite entrepreneurship being perceived as a high-profit bloodsport entrepreneurial community services are given almost always without charge

Gross National Profit HBAN: Halo Business Angel Network, an angel finance group. HEA: Higher education Authority HEI:

of profits from a new trade and chargeable gains on the disposal of assets used in the trade.

since their profits in more nations would be taxed at a higher rate than in the United states

or nothing to repatriate foreign profits. ITIF has estimated earlier that this change would cost the government $100 billion per year on a static basis. 13 However,

If universities are expected to perform as for-profit companies, driven by short-term returns on investment, then the foundations upon

There is however a private, for profit organisation, Technológiai Centrum Ltd. that has an important role:

On the other hand, performance indicators such as sales, productivity or profit before tax have not improved. Another interesting finding was that more than 50%of beneficiaries have applied again for other calls for tenders (this high share applies to one specific component of the Economic Development Operational Programme that targeted SMES)

which will be led by the not-for-profit organisation Startup Ireland as a key building block towards making Ireland a global startup hub by 2020.

In its view, social enterprises seek to serve the community's interest (social, societal, environmental objectives) rather than profit maximisation.

Social enterprises seek to serve the community's interest rather than profit maximization; the underlying objective is,

and generating higher profits. Business case for eco-innovation Cost avoidance Regulatory requirements anticipation of new standards Cost saving Material and energy cost savings due to efficiency gains Resilient business models Creating business models focussed on delivering services

and performance to customers New markets and customers Higher revenues and profit Cost saving Eco-innovations resulting in improved resource productivity save money by reducing costs of material

and profits from sales of resource-efficient products and services Comply with and anticipate new regulations (

and derive their profits from its use rather than its sale. Therefore, they have an incentive to make the product as durable and efficient as possible,

Monopoly rent or profits are based primarily on maintenance or acquisition of dominant position in established markets.

the profit it will generate in the marketplace. From this point of view, the projects that the innovating entrepreneur undertakes

In the Innovation Society's narrative, innovation projects scale with the profits they generate, which can be used to produce

M. J.,Mcfarlan, F. W. 2011), Measuring the efficiency and effectiveness of a non profit's performance, Strategic Finance, 93/4, pp. 27-34.

1. Highly attractive terms and conditions (AAA rating and non-for-profit pricing) 2. Long maturities of up to 10 years or more 3. Direct EIB participation of up to

and/or management groups of commercial, government and/or not-for-profit organisations; Curatorial/juried selection of work for exhibition, performance, recording, screening, etc.;

It was established in 1941 as an independent, mutual, not-for-profit health insurance fund. It underwent a change in status in 1995 following the passage of the Israeli National Health insurance Law,

1000 for profit companies were involved, 55 new products were developed, 25 start-ups companies were set up and all these have resulted in improved cooperation mechanisms (Melin et al.,

and earning profits, than the intrinsic value of the service itself in a particular context.

The service and business model demonstrated by these three cases has the strong advantage of being simple, clear and typically leading to high impact and good profits,

and social goals-Need to earn money in crisis-Better and cheaper ICT-Valuable service & business model with high impact and good profits-Supporting:

turnover & profit grown threefold 2007-12 TEM--Local Alternative Currency Unit (EL) 43 Meeting all types of basic daily needs of residents in poverty,

make profits for commercial players, and generate real social benefits in collaboration with users. This also involves innovation and taking calculated risks,

it is designed not to create profits as the Cooks are encouraged to use leftover and existing food and ingredients,

not to make a profit but to cover some basic costs), to find and use suitable meeting places,

but as a very small payment it is designed not to create profits as the Cooks are encouraged to use leftover and existing food

and not for private benefit so individuals can make a profit or professionals sell their services.

a for profit medical care-Derbyshire Health united provides after hrs access to doctors (UK) 87 or Social Enterprise Clinics-Penda Health88 offer special care to women, Kenya;

Another non for profit setup is cell slider. Cell Slider was developed by a team of four Cancer Research UK researchers from the Universities of Cambridge, Leeds and Southampton in collaboration with the Citizen Science Alliance, a network of scientists,

or are run as non for profit organisations. Patientslikeme, the largest online network for patients, has established 103 its first broad partnership with a drug company, a recent article reports106.

& knowledge Non for profit and private sector financed innovation-Creation of new resource to help efforts to find cures

the ICT enabled social innovation ideas started as projects turn non-for profits and eventually turned into schools themselves.

and anytime-Opens higher education-May provide opportunities to cut costs in higher education-New strategic business model currently run through a non-for profit setup The main policy implications demonstrated are the importance of affordable broadband,

& evaluation possibilities in the education area-New strategic business model currently run through a non-for profit setup deals with specific segments in education

eradicating poverty through profits. Pearson Prentice hall: New york. Proserpio, G. Z, . and Byers, J. W. 2014) The Rise of the Sharing Economy:

and have developed a range of services that can be provided on a for profit basis, the amount of the annual grant they currently apply for is only one third of previous yearly grants:

and improve upon the profit-based regional innovation management activities of the regional intermediary organisations,

instead become regional innovation intermediary organisations with profit-based activities. On the other hand due to their intensive participation in EU co-funded projects, they will become research performers themselves.

there are many bridging institutions that operate partially on a profit basis and partially as public benefit foundations.

The use of the term'platform'could be interpreted reasonably as a detachment from the walled gardens or closed systems of profit-driven ICT development in favour of more open, participatory-oriented practices.

and hopefully generate a profit. Notwithstanding the problems, digitisation presents a great opportunity for museums.

a UK based not-for-profit organisation that works with a network of 23,000 museums to open up their collections for discovery and use.

or profit cited as the economic impact. So the picture that emerges from FP7 is of SMES as passengers in somebody else's car,

Absorptive capacity is the capability of a company to profit from external knowledge, e g. through RTD or business cooperation.

which is a not-for profit limited of the National IPO(+)Support measures provided for protecting IPR(+)Hipavilon provides information

filing and paying 3 major tax categories (profit taxes, consumption taxes and labor taxes). But the postfiling process involving tax audits,

(number per year) Total tax rate(%of commercial profit) Time (hours per year) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 040 80 120 160 200 240 Payments

Eleven economies reduced profit tax rates, the second most common feature of tax reforms in 2013/14.

Reductions in profit tax rates are combined often with efforts to widen the tax base by removing exemptions and with increases in the rates of other taxes, such as value added tax.

and introduced a reduced corporate tax rate for a portion of the taxable profits of qualifying small and medium-size enterprises.

Reduced profit tax rate by 2 percentage points or more Colombia; Republic of congo; Guatemala; Portugal; Seychelles; Spain; Swaziland;

Merged or eliminated taxes other than profit tax Republic of congo; Hungary; Senegal; Zambia Hungary abolished the special tax that had been introduced in 2010.

The average profit tax rate dropped sharply during the crisis period and then started to increase slightly in 2012.

and mandatory contributions that a standardized medium-size domestic company must pay in a given year as a percentage of its commercial profit. 8 These taxes

Falling tax cost for businesses Globally, the total tax rate for the Doing Business case study company averaged 43.1%of commercial profit in 2012.9 Over the 9-year period ending that year,

The average rate for all 3 types of taxes included in the total tax rate profit, labor and other taxes also fell over the 9 years (figure 10.1). 10 Other taxes decreased the most,

by 5. 9 percentage points followed by profit taxes (2. 7 percentage points) and labor taxes (0. 5 percentage points).

Sub-saharan africa had the biggest FIGURE 10.1 A global trend of steady decline in the total tax rate Profit tax Labor tax Other taxes 10 11 12 13

(%of commercial profit) Note: The data refer to the 174 economies included in DB2006 (2004.

though its average total tax rate still remains the highest, at 53.4%in 2012 (figure 10.2). 12 In addition, many African economies lowered rates for the profit tax,

The average profit tax rate in most economies fell consistently between 2004 and 2010 dropping most sharply during the crisis period (2008 10),

The profit tax share rose slightly, while other taxes fell from FIGURE 10.2 Among regions,

2011 2012 Regional average total tax rate(%of commercial profit) Europe & Central asia East asia & Pacific OECD high income Latin america & Caribbean South Asia Middle east

profit tax, labor tax and consumption taxes. The number of payments decreased steadily over the 9-year period.

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Global average time (hours per year) Profit tax Labor tax Consumption taxes (sales and VAT) 2004

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Profit tax Labor tax Other taxes 02468 10 12 14 16 18

%effectively eliminating any tax on profits in 2008 11, then set the rate at 12%from January 1, 2012.

Portugal introduced tax brackets for profit tax in January 2009. Taxable corporate income up to €12, 500 became subject to half the standard tax rate,

Commercial profit is net profit before all taxes borne. It differs from the conventional profit before tax

reported in financial statements. In computing profit before tax, many of the taxes borne by a firm are deductible.

In computing commercial profit, these taxes are not deductible. Commercial profit therefore presents a clear picture of the actual profit of a business before any of the taxes it bears in the course of the fiscal year.

It is computed as sales minus cost of goods sold, minus gross salaries, minus administrative expenses, minus other expenses, minus provisions, plus capital gains (from the property sale

Commercial profit amounts to 59.4 times income per capita. 9. This is an unweighted average across 189 economies. 10.

because they believed that maximizing individual profits through freedom of contract would promote efficiency in commercial markets. 6 During the mid-1900s,

According to findings of research presented at the conference, business-friendly regulation has a positive association with the entry of new firms, the profits of innovative firms, reductions in unemployment, growth in bank lending

innovative firms have higher profits than noninnovative firms. But in business climates where regulatory or governance-related elements (such as corruption or the time and cost to start a business) are poor,

innovative firms have lower profits. Innovative firms tend to have moreeducated managers, better technologies and better access to finance,

and the national corporate tax rate (measured as a percentage of profits). Additional explanatory variables include economic development (measured by real GDP per capita), measures of media infrastructure and of governance,

Worldwide Governance Indicators Innovationyang (2014) The profits of innovative firms are lower in business climates where regulatory

of profits, fins, imprisonmnt, rscission of trnsctions) E sof sh rholdr suits indx (0 10) Extnt of corpor ttr nsp rncindx (0 9

1 if s. Whthr Mr. Jms rps profits mdfrom thtrnsction upon succssful clim bthshrholdr plintiff.

1) but his not rquird to disorhis profits (scorof 0). Mr. Jms cnnot bfind nd imprisond (scorof 0). Dirct or drivtivsuits rvilblfor shrholdrs holdin10%of shrcpitl

and contributions measured include the profit or corporate income tax, social contributions and labor taxes paid by the employer, property taxes, property transfer taxes, dividend tax, capital gains tax, financial transactions tax, waste collection taxes, vehicle and road taxes,

and contributions Number of payments (per year) Total tax rate Time Hours per year%of profit before all taxes Figure 14.14 Paying taxes:

file returns and pay taxes Firm tax liability as%of profits before all taxes borne Number of tax payments per year 33.3%Payments 33.3%Time 33.3%Total tax rate Rankings are based on distance to frontier

Distributs 50%of its nt profits s dividnds to thownrs t thnd of thscond r. Slls onof its plots of lnd t profit t thbinninof thscond

xprssd s shrof commrcil profit. Doinbusinss 2015 rports thtotl tx rtfor clndr r 2013. Thtotl mount of txs bornis thsum of ll thdiffrnt txs nd contributions pblftr ccountinfor llowbldductions nd xmptions.

profit or corportincomtx, socil contributions nd lbor txs pid bthmplor (for which ll mndtorcontributions rincludd, vn if pid to privtntitsuch s rquitd pnsion fund), proprttxs, turnovr

if rquird Tot l t x r t(%of profit bfor ll t xs) Profit or corportincomtx Socil contributions nd lbor txs pid bthmplor

In computinthtotl tx rt, thctul tx p-blis dividd bcommrcil profit. Dtfor Kiribti rprovidd s n xmpl (tbl14. 10.

Commrcil profit is ssntillnt profit bforll txs born. It diffrs from thconvntionl profit bfortx, rportd in finncil sttmnts.

In computinprofit bfortx, mnof thtxs bornbfirm rdductibl. In computincommrcil profit, thstxs rnot dductibl. Commrcil profit thrforprsnts clr picturof thctul profit of businss bfornof thtxs it brs in thcoursof thfiscl r. Commrcil profit is computd s sls minus cost

of oods sold, minus ross slris, minus dministrtivxpnss, minus othr xpnss, minus provisions, plus cpitl ins (from thproprtsl) minus intrst xpns, plus

intrst incomnd minus commrcil dprcition. To computthcommrcil dprcition, strihtlindprcition mthod is pplid, with thfollowinrts: 0%for thlnd, 5%for thbuildin, 10%for thmchinr, 33%for thcomputrs, 20%for thofficquipmnt, 20%for thtruck nd 10%for businss dvlopmnt xpnss.

11,603 137,156 8. 5 Tot l 44,886 32.7*Profit bforll txs born. Not: Commrcil profit is ssumd to b59. 4 tims incompr cpit. $a is Austrlin dollr.

profit tax, labor taxes and mandatory contributions, and value added tax (VAT) or sales tax. In addition, the cost to export

Saudi arabia 3 63b Time (hours per year) Singapore 49g 696b Total tax rate(%of profit) Singapore 26. 1h 84. 0b Trading across borders Documents to export (number) France;

profit tax, labor taxes and mandatory contributions, and VAT or sales tax. h. Defined as the highest total tax rate among the 15%of economies with the lowest total tax rate in the Doing Business sample.

Paying taxes Colombia made paying taxes more complicated for companies by introducing a new profit tax (CREE),

Israel Paying taxes Israel made paying taxes more costly for companies by increasing the profit tax rate.

and introducing a reduced corporate tax rate for a portion of the taxable profits of qualifying small and medium-size enterprises.

Time (hours per year) 275 Total tax rate(%of profit) 35.8 ALBANIA Europe & Central asia GNI per capita (US$) 4,

100) 64.75 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 12.5 Payments (number per year) 34 Time (hours per year) 357 Total tax rate(%of profit) 30.7 Note:

(%of profit) 72.7 ANGOLA Sub-saharan africa GNI per capita (US$) 5 010 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 181 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 41.85 Population (m) 21.5 Starting a business (rank) 174 Registering property

Time (hours per year) 282 Total tax rate(%of profit) 52.0 ANTIGUA AND BARBUDA Latin america & Caribbean GNI per capita (US$) 12,910 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 89 Overall

index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 57 Time (hours per year) 207 Total tax rate(%of profit) 41.6 Note:

100) 44.99 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9. 5 Payments (number per year) 9 Time (hours per year) 405 Total tax rate(%of profit) 137.3 ARMENIA

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 10 Time hours per year) 321 Total tax rate(%of profit) 20.4 AUSTRALIA OECD high income

taxes (0 100) 82.48 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 12 Payments number per year) 11 Time (hours per year) 105 Total tax rate(%of profit) 47.3 Note:

(0 100) 76.36 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 11 Payments (number per year) 12 Time (hours per year) 166 Total tax rate(%of profit) 52.0 AZERBAIJAN

) 83.77 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7 Payments (number per year) 7 Time hours per year) 195 Total tax rate(%of profit) 39.8 BAHAMAS, THE Latin america & Caribbean

(0 100) 84.07 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 18 Time (hours per year) 58 Total tax rate(%of profit) 41.1 Note:

of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7 Payments (number per year) 13 Time (hours per year) 60 Total tax rate(%of profit) 13.5 BANGLADESH South Asia GNI per capita

(%of profit) 32.5 BARBADOS Latin america & Caribbean GNI per capita (US$) 15 373 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 106 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 60.57 Population (m) 0. 3 Starting a business (rank) 94

) 237 Total tax rate(%of profit) 34.6 Note: For resolving insolvency, an economy for which no practice is recorded for time

(0 100) 78.29 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 7 Time (hours per year) 183 Total tax rate(%of profit) 52.0 BELGIUM

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 11.5 Payments (number per year) 11 Time (hours per year) 160 Total tax rate(%of profit) 57.8 BELIZE Latin america & Caribbean GNI

(0 100) 78.17 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments number per year) 29 Time (hours per year) 147 Total tax rate(%of profit) 31.1 Note:

taxes (0 100) 41.02 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 55 Time (hours per year) 270 Total tax rate(%of profit) 63.3

(0 100) 73.55 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 0 Payments (number per year) 19 Time (hours per year) 274 Total tax rate(%of profit) 38.7 BOLIVIA

(0 100) 12.18 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7 Payments number per year) 42 Time (hours per year) 1, 025 Total tax rate(%of profit) 83.7 Note:

100) 58.22 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 15 Payments (number per year) 45 Time (hours per year) 407 Total tax rate(%of profit) 23.3 BOTSWANA Sub-saharan africa

) 77.47 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7. 5 Payments (number per year) 34 Time (hours per year) 152 Total tax rate(%of profit) 25.3 BRAZIL Latin america

100) 41.31 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 13 Payments (number per year) 9 Time (hours per year) 2, 600 Total tax rate(%of profit) 69.0 Note:

) 84.40 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 27 Time (hours per year) 93 Total tax rate(%of profit) 15.8 BULGARIA Europe & Central asia

(0 100) 73.18 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 15 Payments (number per year) 13 Time (hours per year) 454 Total tax rate(%of profit) 27.0 BURKINA FASO

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 45 Time (hours per year) 270 Total tax rate(%of profit) 41.3 Note:

(%of profit) 45.7 CABO VERDE Sub-saharan africa GNI per capita (US$) 3 630 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 122 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 57.94 Population (m) 0. 5 Starting a business (rank) 78

100) 73.05 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 0 Payments (number per year) 30 Time hours per year) 186 Total tax rate(%of profit) 36.5 CAMBODIA East asia

100) 73.06 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 13 Payments (number per year 40 Time (hours per year) 173 Total tax rate(%of profit) 21.0 Note:

taxes (0 100) 36.34 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 44 Time (hours per year) 630 Total tax rate(%of profit) 48.8

) 93.00 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 13.5 Payments (number per year) 8 Time (hours per year) 131 Total tax rate(%of profit) 21.0 CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC Sub-saharan africa GNI

100) 23.47 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 56 Time (hours per year) 483 Total tax rate(%of profit) 73.3 Note:

(%of profit) 63.5 CHILE OECD high income GNI per capita (US$) 15 230 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 41 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 71.24 Population (m) 17.6 Starting a business (rank) 59 Registering property

100) 84.50 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 10 Payments (number per year) 7 Time (hours per year) 291 Total tax rate(%of profit) 27.9 CHINA East asia

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 11.5 Payments (number per year) 7 Time (hours per year) 261 Total tax rate%of profit) 64.6 Note:

taxes (0 100) 59.71 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 10 Payments (number per year) 11 Time (hours per year) 239 Total tax rate(%of profit) 75.4

taxes (0 100) 47.37 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 0 Payments (number per year) 33 Time (hours per year) 100 Total tax rate(%of profit) 216.5 CONGO

(0 100) 46.11 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 0 Payments (number per year 50 Time (hours per year) 316 Total tax rate(%of profit) 54.7 Note:

for paying taxes (0 100) 31.67 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 49 Time (hours per year) 602 Total tax rate(%of profit

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9. 5 Payments (number per year) 23 Time (hours per year) 163 Total tax rate(%of profit) 58.0 CÔTE D'IVOIRE Sub-saharan africa GNI

Time (hours per year) 270 Total tax rate(%of profit) 51.9 Note: For resolving insolvency, an economy for which no practice is recorded for time

100) 82.92 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 12 Payments (number per year) 19 Time (hours per year) 208 Total tax rate(%of profit) 18.8 CYPRUS Europe

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 29 Time (hours per year) 146.5 Total tax rate(%of profit) 23.2 CZECH REPUBLIC OECD high income

) 67.66 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 13.5 Payments (number per year) 8 Time (hours per year) 413 Total tax rate(%of profit) 48.5 Note:

profit) 26.0 DJIBOUTI Middle east & North africa GNI per capita (US$) 1, 595 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 155 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0

Time (hours per year) 82 Total tax rate(%of profit) 37.3 DOMINICA Latin america & Caribbean GNI per capita (US$) 6,

taxes (0 100) 72.49 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7 Payments (number per year) 37 Time (hours per year) 117 Total tax rate(%of profit) 37.0 Note:

(0 100) 74.24 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 9 Time (hours per year) 324 Total tax rate(%of profit) 43.4 ECUADOR

) 62.84 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 8 Time hours per year) 654 Total tax rate(%of profit) 33.0 EGYPT, ARAB REP

) 392 Total tax rate(%of profit) 45.0 Note: For resolving insolvency, an economy for which no practice is recorded for time

100) 52.31 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 53 Time (hours per year) 320 Total tax rate(%of profit) 38.7 EQUATORIAL GUINEA Sub-saharan africa

(0 100) 44.73 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 0 Payments (number per year) 46 Time (hours per year) 492 Total tax rate(%of profit) 44.0 ERITREA

per year) 216 Total tax rate(%of profit) 83.7 Note: For resolving insolvency, an economy for which no practice is recorded for time

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 14 Payments (number per year) 7 Time (hours per year) 81 Total tax rate(%of profit) 49.3 ETHIOPIA Sub-saharan africa GNI per capita

(%of profit) 31.8 FIJI East asia & Pacific GNI per capita (US$) 4 430 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 81 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 63.90 Population (m) 0. 9 Starting a business (rank) 160

Time (hours per year) 195 Total tax rate(%of profit) 31.1 Note: For resolving insolvency, an economy for which no practice is recorded for time

per year) 93 Total tax rate(%of profit) ) 40.0 FRANCE OECD high income GNI per capita (US$) 42,250 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 31 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100

(0 100) 72.12 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 11 Payments (number per year) 8 Time (hours per year) 137 Total tax rate(%of profit) 66.6 GABON

) 488 Total tax rate(%of profit) 40.6 Note: For resolving insolvency, an economy for which no practice is recorded for time

(number per year) 50 Time (hours per year) 376 Total tax rate(%of profit) 63.3 GEORGIA Europe & Central asia GNI per capita (US$) 3,

(0 100) 82.76 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 5 Payments (number per year) 5 Time (hours per year) 362 Total tax rate(%of profit) 16.4 GERMANY

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 15 Payments (number per year) 9 Time hours per year) 218 Total tax rate(%of profit) 48.8 Note:

taxes (0 100) 71.53 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 3 Payments (number per year) 32 Time (hours per year) 224 Total tax rate(%of profit) 33.3

) 193 Total tax rate(%of profit) 49.9 GRENADA Latin america & Caribbean GNI per capita (US$) 7, 460 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 126 Overall distance

index (0 16) 0 Payments (number per year) 30 Time (hours per year) 140 Total tax rate(%of profit) 45.3 Note:

taxes (0 100) 80.04 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 4 Payments (number per year) 8 Time (hours per year) 256 Total tax rate(%of profit) 39.9

) 28.27 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 57 Time (hours per year) 440 Total tax rate(%of profit) 68.3 GUINEA-BISSAU Sub-saharan africa GNI

taxes (0 100) 58.65 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 0 Payments (number per year) 46 Time (hours per year) 208 Total tax rate(%of profit) 45.5 Note:

per year) 256 Total tax rate(%of profit) ) 32.3 HAITI Latin america & Caribbean GNI per capita (US$) 810 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 180 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 42.18

(%of profit) 40.3 HONDURAS Latin america & Caribbean GNI per capita (US$) 2 180 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 104 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 60.61 Population (m) 8. 1 Starting a business (rank) 138

of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7 Payments (number per year) 48 Time hours per year) 224 Total tax rate(%of profit) 43.0 Note:

taxes (0 100) 98.51 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 3 Time (hours per year) 78 Total tax rate(%of profit) 22.8

taxes (0 100) 73.27 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 11 Time (hours per year) 277 Total tax rate(%of profit) 48.0

taxes (0 100) 80.86 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 11.5 Payments (number per year) 26 Time (hours per year) 140 Total tax rate(%of profit) 29.7 Note:

(0 100) 55.53 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 33 Time (hours per year) 243 Total tax rate(%of profit) 61.7 INDONESIA

framework index (0 16) 9. 5 Payments (number per year) 65 Time (hours per year) 253.5 Total tax rate(%of profit) 31.4 IRAN

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7 Payments (number per year) 20 Time (hours per year) 344 Total tax rate(%of profit) 44.1 Note:

(%of profit) 27.8 IRELAND OECD high income GNI per capita (US$) 39 110 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 13 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 80.07 Population (m) 4. 6 Starting a business (rank) 19

) 95.07 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9. 5 Payments (number per year) 9 Time (hours per year) 80 Total tax rate(%of profit) 25.9 ISRAEL OECD

100) 71.88 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 13.5 Payments (number per year) 33 Time (hours per year) 235 Total tax rate(%of profit) 30.1 Note:

(0 100) 62.13 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 12 Payments (number per year) 15 Time (hours per year) 269 Total tax rate(%of profit) 65.4 JAMAICA

) 59.01 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 36 Time hours per year) 368 Total tax rate(%of profit) 39.3 JAPAN OECD high

(0 100) 67.19 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 14 Payments number per year) 14 Time (hours per year) 330 Total tax rate(%of profit) 51.3 Note:

taxes (0 100) 81.19 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 5 Payments (number per year) 25 Time (hours per year) 151 Total tax rate(%of profit) 29.0

) 90.04 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 6 Time hours per year) 188 Total tax rate(%of profit) 28.6 KENYA Sub-saharan africa GNI

) 71.49 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 30 Time (hours per year) 201.5 Total tax rate(%of profit) 38.1 Note:

(number per year) 7 Time (hours per year) 120 Total tax rate(%of profit) 32.7 KOREA, REP. OECD high income GNI per capita (US$) 25,920 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 5 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 83.40

Time (hours per year) 187 Total tax rate(%of profit) 32.4 KOSOVO Europe & Central asia GNI per capita (US$) 3,

(0 100) 77.87 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 0 Payments (number per year) 33 Time (hours per year) 155 Total tax rate(%of profit) 15.3 Note:

(0 100) 92.48 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 12 Time (hours per year) 98 Total tax rate(%of profit) 12.8 KYRGYZ

(number per year 52 Time (hours per year) 210 Total tax rate(%of profit) 29.0 LAO PDR East asia & Pacific GNI

(hours per year) 362 Total tax rate(%of profit) 25.8 Note: For resolving insolvency, an economy for which no practice is recorded for time

Total tax rate(%of profit) 35.0 LEBANON Middle east & North africa GNI per capita (US$) 9, 870 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 104 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 60.61

(0 100) 82.44 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 5 Payments (number per year) 19 Time (hours per year) 183 Total tax rate(%of profit) 29.9 LESOTHO

Time (hours per year) 324 Total tax rate(%of profit) 13.6 Note: For resolving insolvency, an economy for which no practice is recorded for time

Total tax rate(%of profit) 33.3 LIBYA Middle east & North africa GNI per capita (US$) 11 046 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 188 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 33.35 Population (m) 6. 2 Starting a business (rank) 144

Total tax rate(%of profit) 31.5 LITHUANIA Europe & Central asia GNI per capita (US$) 14,900 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 24 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 76.31 Population

Total tax rate(%of profit) 42.6 Note: For resolving insolvency, an economy for which no practice is recorded for time

for paying taxes (0 100) 88.58 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 23 Time (hours per year) 55 Total tax rate(%of profit

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 13.5 Payments (number per year) 7 Time (hours per year) 119 Total tax rate(%of profit) 7. 4 MADAGASCAR Sub-saharan africa GNI

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 23 Time (hours per year) 183 Total tax rate(%of profit) 35.1 Note:

for paying taxes (0 100) 71.37 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 4 Payments (number per year) 35 Time (hours per year) 174.5 Total tax rate(%of profit

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7 Payments (number per year) 13 Time (hours per year) 133 Total tax rate(%of profit) 39.2 MALDIVES South Asia GNI

) 63.76 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 2 Payments (number per year) 30 Time hours per year) 413 Total tax rate(%of profit) 31.5 Note:

for paying taxes (0 100) 60.16 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 35 Time (hours per year) 270 Total tax rate(%of profit

100) 85.81 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7. 5 Payments (number per year) 7 Time (hours per year) 139 Total tax rate(%of profit) 41.6 MARSHALL ISLANDS

for paying taxes (0 100) 66.38 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 0 Payments (number per year) 21 Time (hours per year) 128 Total tax rate(%of profit

tax rate(%of profit) 71.3 MAURITIUS Sub-saharan africa GNI per capita (US$) 9 300 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 28 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 74.81 Population (m 1. 3 Starting a business (rank) 29 Registering property

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 8. 5 Payments (number per year) 8 Time (hours per year) 152 Total tax rate(%of profit) 24.5 MEXICO Latin america & Caribbean

) 71.17 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 11 5 Payments (number per year) 6 Time (hours per year) 334 Total tax rate(%of profit) 51.8 Note:

for paying taxes (0 100) 68.78 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 11.5 Payments (number per year) 21 Time (hours per year) 128 Total tax rate(%of profit

100) 76.57 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 12 Payments (number per year) 21 Time hours per year) 185 Total tax rate(%of profit) 39.7 MONGOLIA East asia

taxes (0 100) 73.79 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 11 Payments number per year) 41 Time (hours per year) 148 Total tax rate(%of profit) 24.4 Note:

100) 71.59 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 13.5 Payments (number per year) 29 Time (hours per year) 320 Total tax rate(%of profit) 22.3 MOROCCO Middle east

(0 100) 77.69 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7. 5 Payments (number per year) 6 Time (hours per year) 232 Total tax rate(%of profit) 49.3

for paying taxes (0 100) 66.85 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 10 Payments (number per year) 37 Time (hours per year) 230 Total tax rate(%of profit

(%of profit) 47.7 NAMIBIA Sub-saharan africa GNI per capita (US$) 5, 840 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 88 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100

(0 100) 73.57 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 8. 5 Payments (number per year) 26 Time (hours per year) 314 Total tax rate(%of profit) 20.7

taxes (0 100) 66.52 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7 Payments (number per year) 34 Time (hours per year) 334 Total tax rate(%of profit) 29.5 Note:

) 86.76 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 11.5 Payments (number per year) 9 Time (hours per year) 123 Total tax rate(%of profit) 39.0 NEW ZEALAND OECD high

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 8. 5 Payments (number per year) 8 Time (hours per year) 152 Total tax rate(%of profit) 34.4 NICARAGUA Latin america & Caribbean

(0 100) 49.51 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7 Payments (number per year) 43 Time (hours per year) 207 Total tax rate(%of profit) 65.8 Note:

for paying taxes (0 100) 57.07 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 41 Time (hours per year) 270 Total tax rate(%of profit

) 39.15 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments number per year) 47 Time (hours per year) 907.9 Total tax rate(%of profit) 32.7 NORWAY OECD high

(0 100) 90.80 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 11.5 Payments (number per year) 4 Time (hours per year) 83 Total tax rate(%of profit) 40.7 Note:

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 14 Time (hours per year) 68 Total tax rate(%of profit) 23.0 PAKISTAN South Asia GNI

for paying taxes (0 100) 44.46 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 8 Payments (number per year) 47 Time (hours per year) 594 Total tax rate(%of profit

(0 100) 64.65 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 0 Payments (number per year) 11 Time (hours per year) 142 Total tax rate(%of profit) 75.4 Note:

taxes (0 100) 48.60 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 52 Time (hours per year) 417 Total tax rate(%of profit) 37.2

100) 69.50 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 32 Time hours per year) 207 Total tax rate(%of profit) 39.3 PARAGUAY Latin america

(0 100) 69.45 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9. 5 Payments number per year) 20 Time (hours per year) 378 Total tax rate(%of profit) 35.0 Note:

100) 79.43 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 10 Payments (number per year) 9 Time (hours per year) 293 Total tax rate(%of profit) 36.0 PHILIPPINES East asia

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 14.5 Payments (number per year) 36 Time (hours per year) 193 Total tax rate(%of profit) 42.5 POLAND OECD high income

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 12.5 Payments (number per year) 18 Time (hours per year) 286 Total tax rate(%of profit) 38.7 Note:

tax rate(%of profit) 42.4 PUERTO RICO ( (U s.)Latin america & Caribbean GNI per capita (US$) 19,210 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 47 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 70.35 Population

(0 100) 63.83 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 15 Payments (number per year) 16 Time (hours per year) 218 Total tax rate(%of profit) 66.0 QATAR

taxes (0 100) 99.44 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 4 Time (hours per year) 41 Total tax rate(%of profit) 11.3 Note:

100) 80.09 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 13.5 Payments (number per year) 14 Time (hours per year) 159 Total tax rate(%of profit) 43.2 RUSSIAN FEDERATION

100) 80.63 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 8. 5 Payments (number per year) 7 Time (hours per year) 168 Total tax rate(%of profit) 48.9 RWANDA

(0 100) 85.79 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 10 Payments (number per year) 17 Time (hours per year) 107 Total tax rate(%of profit) 33.5 Note:

(%of profit) 18.4 SAN MARINO Europe & Central asia GNI per capita (US$) 57,301 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 93 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100

taxes (0 100) 83.33 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 4. 5 Payments (number per year) 19 Time (hours per year) 52 Total tax rate(%of profit

per year) 424 Total tax rate(%of profit) 38.2 Note: For resolving insolvency, an economy for which no practice is recorded for time

(0 100) 99.23 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 2 Payments (number per year) 3 Time (hours per year) 64 Total tax rate(%of profit) 14.5 SENEGAL

Time (hours per year) 620 Total tax rate(%of profit) 45.1 SERBIA Europe & Central asia GNI per capita (US$)

(0 100) 48.90 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 13.5 Payments (number per year) 67 Time (hours per year) 279 Total tax rate(%of profit) 38.6 Note:

tax rate(%of profit) 31.7 SIERRA LEONE Sub-saharan africa GNI per capita (US$) 680 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 140 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 54.58 Population (m) 6

for paying taxes (0 100) 65.39 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 8 Payments (number per year) 33 Time (hours per year) 353 Total tax rate(%of profit

(0 100) 97.19 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9. 5 Payments (number per year) 5 Time (hours per year) 82 Total tax rate(%of profit) 18.4 Note:

(0 100) 71.57 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 13 Payments (number per year) 20 Time (hours per year) 207 Total tax rate(%of profit) 48.6 SLOVENIA

) 260 Total tax rate(%of profit) 32.0 SOLOMON ISLANDS East asia & Pacific GNI per capita (US$) 1, 610 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 87 Overall distance

Time (hours per year) 80 Total tax rate(%of profit) 32.0 Note: For resolving insolvency, an economy for which no practice is recorded for time

(0 100) 88.73 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 14.5 Payments (number per year) 7 Time (hours per year) 200 Total tax rate(%of profit) 28.8 SOUTH

(number per year 36 Time (hours per year) 218 Total tax rate(%of profit) 29.1 SPAIN OECD high

taxes (0 100) 75.25 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 12 Payments number per year) 8 Time (hours per year) 167 Total tax rate(%of profit) 58.2 Note:

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 8 Payments (number per year) 47 Time (hours per year) 167 Total tax rate(%of profit) 55.6 ST KITTS AND NEVIS Latin america & Caribbean GNI

(%of profit) 49.8 ST LUCIA Latin america & Caribbean GNI per capita (US$) 7 090 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 100 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 61.35 Population (m) 0. 2 Starting a business (rank) 72

(0 100) 76.71 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 32 Time (hours per year) 110 Total tax rate(%of profit) 34.7 Note:

(%of profit) 38.6 SUDAN Sub-saharan africa GNI per capita (US$) 1 130 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 160 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 49.55 Population (m) 38.0 Starting a business (rank) 139 Registering property

Time (hours per year) 180 Total tax rate(%of profit) 45.4 SURINAME Latin america & Caribbean GNI per capita (

hours per year) 199 Total tax rate(%of profit) 27.9 Note: For resolving insolvency, an economy for which no practice is recorded for time

taxes (0 100) 75.76 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 8 Payments (number per year) 33 Time (hours per year) 110 Total tax rate(%of profit) 35.6

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 12 Payments (number per year) 6 Time (hours per year) 122 Total tax rate(%of profit) 49.4 SWITZERLAND OECD high income

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 12 Payments (number per year) 19 Time hours per year) 63 Total tax rate(%of profit) 29.0 Note:

(%of profit) 42.5 TAIWAN, CHINA East asia & Pacific GNI per capita (US$) 21 620 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 19 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 78.73 Population (m) 22.8 Starting a business (rank) 15 Registering property

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 11 Payments (number per year) 11 Time (hours per year) 221 Total tax rate(%of profit) 34.2 TAJIKISTAN Europe

) 46.06 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 3 Payments (number per year) 31 Time hours per year) 209 Total tax rate(%of profit) 80.9 Note:

(%of profit) 44.3 THAILAND East asia & Pacific GNI per capita (US$) 5 370 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 26 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 75.27 Population (m) 67.0 Starting a business (rank) 75 Registering property

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 11.5 Payments (number per year) 22 Time (hours per year) 264 Total tax rate(%of profit) 26.9 TIMOR-LESTE East asia & Pacific

Time (hours per year) 276 Total tax rate(%of profit) 11.0 Note: For resolving insolvency, an economy for which no practice is recorded for time

taxes (0 100) 50.81 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 50 Time (hours per year) 270 Total tax rate(%of profit) 50.3

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 29 Time (hours per year) 200 Total tax rate(%of profit) 30.1 TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO Latin america

per year) 210 Total tax rate(%of profit) 32.0 Note: For resolving insolvency, an economy for which no practice is recorded for time

) 74.11 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 8. 5 Payments (number per year) 8 Time (hours per year) 144 Total tax rate(%of profit) 62.4 TURKEY Europe

(0 100) 79.80 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 8 Payments (number per year) 11 Time (hours per year) 226 Total tax rate(%of profit) 40.1 UGANDA

) 71.32 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7 Payments (number per year) 31 Time (hours per year) 209 Total tax rate(%of profit) 36.5 Note:

(0 100) 70.33 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 8. 5 Payments (number per year) 5 Time (hours per year) 350 Total tax rate(%of profit) 52.9

(0 100) 99.44 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9 Payments (number per year) 4 Time (hours per year) 12 Total tax rate(%of profit) 14.8 UNITED KINGDOM

) 90.52 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 11 Payments (number per year) 8 Time hours per year) 110 Total tax rate(%of profit) 33.7 Note:

taxes (0 100) 80.84 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 15 Payments (number per year) 10.6 Time (hours per year) 175 Total tax rate(%of profit) 43.8

Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 9. 5 Payments (number per year) 33 Time (hours per year) 312 Total tax rate(%of profit) 41.8 UZBEKISTAN Europe & Central asia

for paying taxes (0 100) 68.30 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16 8 Payments (number per year) 33 Time (hours per year) 192.5 Total tax rate(%of profit

for paying taxes (0 100) 80.79 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 6 Payments (number per year) 31 Time (hours per year) 120 Total tax rate(%of profit

100) 13.37 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 5 Payments (number per year) 71 Time hours per year) 792 Total tax rate(%of profit) 65.5 VIETNAM East asia

(0 100) 43.61 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 10 Payments (number per year) 32 Time (hours per year) 872 Total tax rate(%of profit

(%of profit) 15.3 YEMEN, REP. Middle east & North africa GNI per capita (US$) 1 330 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 137 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 54.84 Population (m) 24.4 Starting a business (rank) 140 Registering property

Time (hours per year) 248 Total tax rate(%of profit) 33.3 ZAMBIA Sub-saharan africa GNI per capita (US$) ) 1, 480 Ease of doing business rank (1 189) 111 Overall distance to frontier (DTF) score (0 100) 59.65 Population (m) 14.5 Starting a business (rank) 68

(0 100) 74.52 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7 Payments number per year) 37 Time (hours per year) 177 Total tax rate(%of profit) 14.8 Note:

for paying taxes (0 100) 61.39 Strength of insolvency framework index (0 16) 7 Payments (number per year) 49 Time (hours per year) 242 Total tax rate(%of profit