Topics, in which BMBF or German research institutions were already very active at that point in time were labelled as‘golden
etc. 3. Case studies 3. 1. Research councils and national research programmes Research councils and national research programmes account for a smaller percentage of total research funding than direct government funding of universities and research institutions,
Through this, they contribute to change and the development of newdirections for research institutions and for the research community in general.
Research councils and programmes often constitute a more dynamic element in science than do universities and research institutions.
with membeer from industry and research institutions. The committees played an essential role in the programme and provided input and background papers to strategy developments (IEA 1999).
and other research institutions, research councils and national research programmes are a dynamic part of national science systems. If a national science system is perceived as an important element of the overall national innovation system then priority-setting processes of research councils
or the Foresight results, leaving the degree of ownership within the research institutions and themchersomewhat unclear for the moment.
See http://www. aka. fi/en-gb/A/for details. 3. Tekes provides project-oriented funding to universities, polytechnics, research institutions and industrial firms,
EU Parliament European commission Council (Competitiveness Council) institutional triangle Board of the intergovernmental research institutions (CERN, ESA...
Joint research Center, intergovernmental research infrastructures collaboration and strategic partnerships among research institutions in the Member States A. Schoen et al./
level vision building Programming Programmes scientific priority setting Programmes stakeholders networks Sectoral vision building, context of roadmaps Performing Research institutions strategic processes Research institutions
partners and stakeholders networks Research institutions first step in strategic process A. Schoen et al.//Futures 43 (2011) 232 242 236 For instance, the progressive sliding of the field of biocatalysis away from‘catalysis'within chemistry towards biotechnologies illustrates an actual reconfiguration of a current knowledge area that is combining splitting and merging
level vision building Programming Programmes scientific priority-setting Programmes stakeholders networks Sectoral vision building, context of roadmaps Performing Research institutions strategic processes Research institutions
partners and stakeholders networks Research institutions first step in strategic process Source: Schoen et al. 2011). ) by universities and firms, the production, diffusion and transfer of knowledge;(
but the work of networks of companies and research institutions. When a central control is lacking,
Table 1. Leading DSSC research institutions (showing percentages within these 11 organisations. Cites share Cites share Pubs share Pubs share through 2008 2009 onwards through 2008 2009 onwards(%)CAS 6. 0 19.9 19.5 25.3 Swiss Federal Institute of technology (EPFL) 49.3
The physical proximity to faculties and local research institutions was supposed to enhance the knowledge exchange between industry
representatives from universities and research institutions tend to impose barriers to accepptin strategic foresight activities. Time is usually not a problem
and public accountabillity and where public academic and government research institutions are expected to draw upon private resources (OECD 2003).
in funding research and in establishing research institutions (for an overview of key institutions and actors see also Kroll et al.
The‘National S&t Infrastructure+Programs'include the National S&t Infrastructure Program, the S&t Basic Work Program, the Special Technology development Project for Research institutions and the NSFC Fund for Less Developed Regions.
200 103 178 150 Special Technology development Project for Research institutions 158 214 193 183 186 200 250 250 Innovation Fund for Small Technology
Other programs with institution-and capacity-building features are the S&t Basic Program and the Special Technology development Project for Research institutions.
and the ASS were the most important research institutions carrying out applied agricultural research. The headquarters of the ASS was built first next to National Taiwan University.
Therefore, the Fraunhofer experiment is unique among independent research institutions. 6. 2 Impact of the Fraunhofer future-oriented process The FTA PROCESS described in this paper produced dedicated research projects
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