Synopsis:
Time & dates: Dates: Years: 1999:
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and conducted between 1996 and 1999 30 32.471 E. A. Eriksson, K. M. Weber/Technological forecasting & Social Change 75 (2008) 462 482 planned proved difficult to pursue to the letter.
Pol. 1 (5)( 1999) 441 451.16 J. Voros, Reframing environmental scanning: an integral approach, foresight, J. Futures Stud.
University of Twente/IPTS, Enschede, 1999 Sevilla. 38 R. Hoogma, K. M. Weber, B. Elzen, Integrated long-term strategies to induce regime shifts to sustainability:
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foresight in the risk society, Technovation 19 (6 7)( 1999) 413 421.2 T. Jewell, International foresight's contribution to globalisation, Foresight The Journal of Futures studies, Strategic thinking and Policy
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Change 60 (1)( 1999) 15 35.11 J. Landeta, Current validity of the Delphi method in social sciences, Technol.
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Change 8 may 1999) 173 182.7 P. Groenveld, Roadmapping integrates business and technology, Res. Technol. Manag. 40 (5 september October 1997) 48 55.8 D. E. Hussey, Glossary of techniques for strategic analysis, Strateg.
Manag. 11 (4)( 1999) 493 525.11 R. N. Kostoff, R. R. Schaller, Science and Technology roadmaps, IEEE Trans.
Eng. 27 (1999) 697 711.63 C. Wood, C. Williams G. J. Waldron, Patch clamping by numbers, Drug Discov.
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She was the leader of the VTT Technology foresight and Technology assessment in 1999 2008 being also the Deputy Technology manager of the knowledge center since 2007.
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Anal. 8 (1999) 311 321.28 M. P. e Cunha, P. Palma, N. G. da Costa, Fear of foresight:
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13 T. A. Kletz, The origins and history of loss prevention, Trans ICHEME 77b (1999) 109 116.14 F. P. Lees, Loss Prevention in the Process
In 1999 she joined VTT to work in developing the management of environmental risks. In 2007 she entered VTT's Technology foresight and technology assessment team.
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Improving distributed intelligence in complex innovation systems, Final Report of the Advanced Science & Technology policy Planning Network (ASTPP), Karlsruhe, 1999.
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P. Sabatier (Ed.),Theories of the Policy Process, Westview Press, Boulder, CO.,1999, pp. 117 166.17 E. A. Parson, V. R. Burkett
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Policy 28 (1999) 777 792.17 S. Bakker, H. van Lente, M. Meeus, Arenas of expectations for hydrogen technologies, Innovation studies Utrecht (ISU) Working
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and provided input and background papers to strategy developments (IEA 1999). These committees were closed down. Instead, the core group lead the strategy work in the four areas,
IEA. 1999. Review of Denmark's energy research programme 1992 1997. Copenhagen: Danish energy Agency. Johnson, A, . and S. Jacobsson. 2001.
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the Luxembourg government decided in 1999 to increase the level of publicly funded research. Accordingly, the government went on to develop a focused STI policy,
In addition, the government increased spending on publicr&dfrom 0. 08%of gross domestic product (GDP) in 1999 to 0. 3%in 2004 and plans a further increase to 0. 58%by 2010.3 Figure 1
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arguing that its practices point to certain ways of framing and rationalising the future (Rappert 1999.
1999), Ringland (2002), Brown, Rappert, andwebster (2000), Böhle (2003), Genus (2006), Georghiou (2001), Johnston (2001), Berkhout and Hertin (2002.
see Shipley and Newkirk (1999), Shipley (2002), Shipley et al. 2004). ) 6. Slaughter (2004,92 4) sees the development of Critical Future Studies (CFS) following the traditions of STS in‘challenging the inevitability
and B. van de Meulen. 1999. Organising the present's futures towards an evaluation of foresight,
Rappert, B. 1999. Rationalising the future? Foresight in science and technology policy co-ordination. Futures 31, no. 6: 527 45.
and R. T. Newkirk. 1999. Vision and visioning: what do these terms really mean a taxonomy of the terms vision,
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1999 2000 2001 2002 Priority Patents Family Member Patents Factor Map keywords-combo (Cleaned)( tec..
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 nano-combo methanol stuff Map:
U s. Patents (select) Citation Tree Heat Resistant Steel 2001 Elec Interconnect for a planar fuel cell-2001 Fuel cell Interconnect Device-1999 Sumitomo Disc brakes Sarnoff SOFC
CHANAUD P Badwal AHMED K 012345678 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Company Patenting Trend Who uses their patents?
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By late 1999 there were enough such countries to block any new approvals of GM produce.
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-and-Respond Organizations, Harvard Business school Press, Boston, 1999, p. 9. 3 Ray Kurzweil, The Age of Spiritual Machines, Penguin Books, New york, 1999, p. 103.4
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government exercises, Technological forecasting and Social Change 60 (1)( 1999) 37 54 (18pp..5 J. Gavigan et al.
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problems and possibilities of prediction, Futures 21 (2)( 1999) 115 135.3 A l. Porter, et al. Technology Futures analysis Methods Working group, Technology futures analysis:
1 (1)( 1999) 5 9. 10 R. Popper, Foresight methodology, in: L. Georghiou, J. Cassingena Harper, M. Keenan,
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since 1999 when the Dow jones Sustainability Indexes were created, closely followed by the FTSE4GOOD 24. Socially responsible investment is about investors taking ethical,
creating value, Harvard Business Review (1999. 37 S. A. Aaronson, J. Reeves, The European response to public demands for global corporate responsibility, National policy Association, USA (2002.
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1999). ) It is considered often as an alternative or an extension to pure CBA in cases where important effects cannot be monetised MCA allows decision makers to include a full range of social, environmental, technical, economic,
Mendoza, G. A.,Macoun, P.,Prabhu, R.,Sukadri, D.,Purnomo, H. and Hartanto, H. 1999), Guidelines for Applying Multi-Criteria Analysis to the Assessment of Criteria
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In 1999 a new specialised journal, the Journal of Nanoparticle Research, was established. This indicates the crystallisation of a new scientific community.
The second level refers to a 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999
In 1999, Jong-min Kim et al. at the Samsung Advanced Institute of technology in Suwon Fig. 6. bonq and boffq states of a suspended SWNT crossbar 16.
1 (1999) 1 6. 9 H. Van Lente, A. Rip, The rise of membrane technology.
From 1997 until 1999 he was research manager at KPMG Inspire Foundation, a think tank of the KPMG consulting firm,
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Bowker and Star 1999; Geels 2005. It is, however, impossible to categorise a particular innovation based on the characteristics of a technical artefact before it is used.
Knorr Cetina 1999. In practice, the upward movement of most mountaineers does not occur in an inert external environment.
and that they are able to predict the future also now (Bukszar 1999). A potential approach to reduce such misplaced overconfidence is to explicate both the underlying Downloaded by University of Bucharest at 04:52 03 december 2014 Foresight in an unpredictable world 747 assumptions (Rossel 2009)
. and S l. Star. 1999. Sorting things out: Classification and its consequences. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.
Bukszar, E. 1999. Strategic bias: The impact of cognitive biases on strategy. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences 16, no. 2: 105 17.
Knorr Cetina, K. 1999. Epistemic cultures: How the sciences make knowledge. Cambridge, MA: Harvard university Press.
Tuomi, I. 1999. Corporate knowledge: Theory and practice of intelligent organizations. Helsinki: Metaxis. Tuomi, I. 2002.
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but rather a change or creation of a new reality (Guice 1999). In other words, expectations are performative:
Guice, J. 1999. Designing the future: The culture of new trends in science and Technology research Policy 28, no. 1: 81 98.
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and game theory (Glenn 1999; Porter et al. 2004; Roveda et al. 2007. However, strategic foresight had uneven success. Rigby (2001) found that only 21.5%of North american executives used scenario planning in 1999, approximately 50%fewer than in 1994.
Increasing criticism has pointed to the unreliability of anticipatory studies: while relatively accuraat in the short term, forecasting accuracy diminishes in the medium and long terms as political, economic, social,
Glenn, J. C.,ed. 1999. Futures research methodology. WASHINGTON DC: American Council for the United nations, The Millennium Project.
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The analysis of value within a firm (Porter 1980, 1985a, 1985b,1991, 1997), through the integration of customers into the chain (Mcstravic 1999) and later the incorporation of suppliers/deliverers as well as customers (Bovet and Martha 2000
the redefinition is based on universal principles (Covey 1997) shaped by six dimensions of sustainability (Bursztyn et al. 1999;
Loveridge 1999; Cagnin 2005), namely social (S), spatial-technological (ST), economic (E), ecological (Ec), political (P) and values-norms (V)( acronym SSTEEPV.
Chehebe (1998), ISO (2012), D'Avignon (1996), Cajazeira (1997), Donaire (1999), Maimon (1999), Accountability (1999), BSI (2003.
The expression‘meta-learning'was created by Losada (1999) and defined as‘the ability of a team to dissolve attractors that close possibilities for effective action
According to Losada (1999), high-performance teams need an inclusive dialogue approach for all stakeholders in the network.
Elrod and Tippett 1999; Berg et al. 2002; Kwak and Ibbs 2002; von Zedtwitz 2002; Rosenbeer 2003;
In this context and according to Hock (1999), enterprises must be able to combine, with harmony, order and chaos, competition and cooperation,
References Accountability. 1999. Accountability 1000 framework standards, guidelines and professional qualification. http://www. accountability. org/(accessed June 2012.
Bursztyn, M.,et al. 1999. C&t para o desenvolvimento sustentável Formulação e Implementação de Políticas Públicas Compatíveis com os Princípios do Desenvolvimento Sustentável definidos na Agenda 21.
Donaire, D. 1999. Gestão Ambeinatl na Empresa. São paulo: Atlas, 2 Ed. Eckenfelder, D. J. 1997.
and D d. Tippett. 1999. An empirical study of the relationship between team performance and team maturity.
Hock, D. 1999. Birth of the chaordic age. San francisco, CA: Berrett-Koehler. Hoffman, N. P. 2000.
Losada, M. 1999. The complex dynamics of high performance teams. Mathematical and Computer Modelling 30, no. 9: 179 92.
Loveridge, D. 1999. On sustainability. http://phps. portals. mbs. ac. uk/Denisloveridge (accessed June 2012,
Maimon, D. 1999. ISO 14011 Passo a Passo da Implantação nas Pequenas e Médias Empresas.
Mcstravic, S. 1999. The value marketing chain in health care: The value marketing chain concept finds a place in the health care environment.
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The Delphi method is regarded as one of the useful information sources for scenario (Loveridge, 1999. The Delphi method is discussed also from the viewpoint of a combination with road mapping (Kanama et al.
VOL. 15 NO. 1 2013 jforesight jpage 17 Loveridge, D. 1999),‘Foresight and Delphi processes as information sources for scenario planning'',Ideas In progress Paper No. 11, Policy
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and innovation system to assess the implications of new technologies and wider socioeconomic changes (Martin and Johnston, 1999;
Rappert, 1999; Saritas et al. 2007; Georghiou and Cassingena-Harper, 2011. Such approaches are built often into prioritisation exercises,
Martin, B. R. and Johnston, R. 1999),‘Technology foresight for wiring up the national innovation system. Experiences in Britain, Australia and New zealand'',Technological forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 60 No. 1, pp. 37-54.
Rappert, B. 1999),‘Rationalising the future? Foresight in science and technology policy co-ordination'',Futures, Vol. 31 No. 6, pp. 527-45.
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Grupp and Linstone, 1999. Therefore, many countries not only use foresight as a tool to improve anticipatory intelligence but also use it as a priority-setting tool.
and policy makers and to propose an explanation of the old structures/high performance paradox (Tichy, 1999;
and that Delphi outperforms other group formats such as statistical groups or standard interacting groups in terms of effectiveness (Rowe and Wright, 1999).
Also, patent documents are used widely as a source for technology forecasting, CTI and for analysis of technology convergence (Kayal, 1999;
Grupp, H. and Linstone, H. A. 1999),‘National technology foresight activities around the globe: resurrection and new paradigms'',Technological forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 60 No. 1, pp. 85-94.
Kayal, A. 1999),‘Measuring the pace of technological progress: implications for technological forecasting'',Technological forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 60 No. 3, pp. 237-45.
Rowe, G. and Wright, G. 1999),‘The Delphi technique as a forecasting tool: issues and analysis'',International Journal of Forecasting, Vol. 15, pp. 353-75.
Tichy, G. 1999),‘The innovation potential and thematic leadership of Austrian industries: an interpretation of the technology Delphi with regard to the old structure/high-performance paradox'',Institute of technology Assessment, Vienna, available at:
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1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
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much in accordance with the perspective envisioned by Harold Linstone in 1999 2, following his optimistic view of a strong, confident technology-driven scenario,
and SC (1999) Bowonder et al. 3 have reviewed briefly this topic, mainly focusing some of the lessons learned from evolutionary theory involved in anticipating changes in evolutionary trajectories,
and Fig. 1. Technological forecasting in perspective presented by Linstone in the 30-year anniversary issue of TF and SC (1999).
1969 1999, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 62 (1999) 1 8. 3 Bowonder, et al. Predicting the future:
lessons from evolutionary theory, Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 62 (1999) 51 62.4 T. L. Brown, Making Truth:
The Roles of Metaphors in Science, University of Illinois Press, 2003.5 P. Corning, Nature's Magic:
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Comput. 9 (1999) 123 143.40 D. G. Groves, R. J. Lempert, A new analytic method for finding policy-relevant scenarios, Glob.
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Rev. 15 (1999) 3 36.31 R. J. Lempert, D. G. Groves, S. Popper, S. Bankes, A general analytic method for generating robust strategies and narrative scenarios, Manag.
Comput. 9 (1999) 123 143.34 T. W. Liao Clustering of time series data a survey, Pattern Recog. 38 (2005) 1857 1874.35 J. H. Kwakkel, W. E. Walker, V. A w. J. Marchau
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foresight in the risk society, Technovation 19 (1999) 413 421.12 H. Linstone, On discounting the future, Technol.
/Technological forecasting & Social Change 80 (2013) 432 443 58 J. P. Gavigan, F. Scapolo, A comparison of national foresight exercises, Foresight 1 (1999) 495
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which included members of different government departments and agencies. 4 In 1999, the NSTC conducted a series of studies and published reports on the status of and trends in nanotechnologies.
In 2010, a follow-up report on the vision report of 1999, entitled Nanotechnology research Directions for Societal Needs in 2020 3 combined retrospective and future-oriented analysis documenting developments in nanotechnology from 2000 to 2010
and stakeholders to generate broader knowledge than in 1999. These experts and stakeholders came from industry
In comparison with the first vision generated prior to the establishment of the NNI in 1999/2000,
The US Interagency Working group on Nanoscience, Engineering and Technology (IWGN) published a worldwide study on Nanostructure Science and Technology in 1999.
Shaping the World Atom by Atom, 1999, p. 12 S, Washington. 23 L. M. Pytlikzillig, A j. Tomkins, Public engagement for informing science and technology policy:
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Rev. 78 (September October 1999) 129 141.12 I. Miles, Innovation In services, Oxford university Press, New york, 2005.13 G. Mulgan, R. Ali, R. Halkett
Elna Schirrmeister is a senior researcher and project manager at Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation research since 1999.
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fail, Journal of Strategic Performance Measurement (1999) 6 11 (special edition. 59 D. Otley, Performance measurement:
a framework for management control systems research, Management Accounting Research 10 (1999) 363 382.60 H. Norreklit, The balance on the balanced scorecard a critical analysis of some of its assumptions, Management Accounting
ART92.pdf
Management 40 (2010) 213 221.13 S. Liyanage, Towards a fourth generation R&d management model research networks knowledge management, International Journal of Technology management 18 (1999) 372 393.14
J. Niosi, Fourth generation R&d, Journal of Business research 45 (1999) 100 117.15 R. J. Ortt
Science.PublicPolicyVol37\6. User-driven innovation.pdf
>Lieven De Marez obtained an MSC in communication sciennce (1999) and then an MSC in marketing (2000.
Experiience are seen as a new source of value (Pine and Gilmore, 1999: 2) and the nature of users'experiience with new products can determine their success or failure (Crisler et al.
Pine, J B and J H Gilmore 1999. The Experience Economy: Work is Theatre and Every Business a Stage.
Science.PublicPolicyVol37\7. Impact of Swiss technology policy on firm innovation performance.pdf
+Almus and Czarnitzki (2003), Germany R&d subsidies to East german firms (1994,1996, 1999) 622 Matched-pairs analysis (calliper matching) R&d intensity:+
(1999 2002) 828 Combination of matching approach and difference-indiffeerenc estimator R&d spending; R&d spending per employee:
1999) for a survey on various matching procedures. Caliendo and Huber (2005) and Caliendo and Kopeinig (2005) give overviews of recent developments with respect to matching methods. 6. We used a‘biweight kernel'(quartic kernel) for the function G(.)It is defined as follows:
and J A Smith 1999. The economics and econometrics of active labour market programmes. In Handbook of Labour Economics, A Ashenfelter and P E Todd (eds.
Science.PublicPolicyVol39\10. Challenges in communicating the outcomes of a foresight study.pdf
Strategic foresight is defined by Slaughter (1999) as the ability to create and maintain a high-quality, coherent and functional forward view
It takes into account the methodological structures proposed by Horton (1999) and Conway and Voros (2002),
Horton, A. 1999)‘ Forefront: a simple guide to successful foresigght'Foresight: the Journal of Future Studies, 1: 5 9. Irwin, A. 2004)‘ Expertise and experience in the governance of science:
Slaughter, R. A. 1999) Futures for the Third Millennium: Enabling the Forward View. Sydney: Prospect Media.
Science.PublicPolicyVol39\11. Head in the clouds and feet on the ground.pdf
on Key Basic research Priorities (973 Program) 1997 Support basic research Innovation Fund for Technology-based SMES 1999 Support innovative activity by high-tech SMES Special
Technology development Project for Research institutes 1999 Support central government-related technology development research institutes Action Plan for Thriving Trade by Science and Technology 2000 Facilitate exports of high-tech products
Science.PublicPolicyVol39\12. National, sectoral and technological innovation systems.pdf
The OECD (1999) also claims that RTDI policies should match the development of the national system.
OECD. 1999) Managing National Innovation systems. OECD: Paris. Senker, J. 2004)‘ An overview of biotechnology in Europe:
Science.PublicPolicyVol39\3. Coping with a fast-changing world.pdf
Joos et al. 1999) and foresight processes in general follow this type of model (Butter et al. 2009. There are obvious exceptions to this rule
Joos, W.,Carabias, V.,Winisto rfer, H. and Stu cheli, A. 1999)‘ Social aspects of public waste management in Switzerland',Waste Management, 19: 417 25.
Science.PublicPolicyVol39\8. Facing the future - Scanning, synthesizing and sense-making in horizon scanning.pdf
Martin and Johnston 1999; Georghiou and Cassingena Harper 2011. At present, however, various forms of horizon scanning are gaining in popularity,
or causal modelling do not suffice (Linstone 1999). In this setting, where policy-makers are almost bound to be taken by surprise,
Linstone, H. 1999)‘ Complexity science: Implications for forecastting'Technological forecasting and Social Change, 62:79 90. Martin, B. and Johnston, R. 1999)‘ Technology foresight for wiring up the national innovation system:
Experiences in Britain, Australia and New zealand',Technological forecasting and Social Change, 60:37 54. Mckinsey & Company (2009)‘ How companies are benefiting from Web 2. 0:
Science.PublicPolicyVol39\9. Fraunhofer future markets.pdf
1999) Clicking. Der neue Popcorn Report, Mu nchen: Heyne. Steinmu ller, A. and Steinmu ller, K. 2004) Wild Cards.
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